Human modeling and relighting are two fundamental problems in computer vision and graphics, where high-quality datasets can largely facilitate related research. However, most existing human datasets only provide multi-view human images captured under the same illumination. Although valuable for modeling tasks, they are not readily used in relighting problems. To promote research in both fields, in this paper, we present UltraStage, a new 3D human dataset that contains more than 2K high-quality human assets captured under both multi-view and multi-illumination settings. Specifically, for each example, we provide 32 surrounding views illuminated with one white light and two gradient illuminations. In addition to regular multi-view images, gradient illuminations help recover detailed surface normal and spatially-varying material maps, enabling various relighting applications. Inspired by recent advances in neural representation, we further interpret each example into a neural human asset which allows novel view synthesis under arbitrary lighting conditions. We show our neural human assets can achieve extremely high capture performance and are capable of representing fine details such as facial wrinkles and cloth folds. We also validate UltraStage in single image relighting tasks, training neural networks with virtual relighted data from neural assets and demonstrating realistic rendering improvements over prior arts. UltraStage will be publicly available to the community to stimulate significant future developments in various human modeling and rendering tasks.

近年来，由于其在数字人物，角色产生和动画中的广泛应用，人们对3D人脸建模的兴趣越来越大。现有方法压倒性地强调了对面部的外部形状，质地和皮肤特性建模，而忽略了内部骨骼结构和外观之间的固有相关性。在本文中，我们使用学习的参数面部发电机提出了雕塑家，具有骨骼一致性的3D面部创作，旨在通过混合参数形态表示轻松地创建解剖上正确和视觉上令人信服的面部模型。雕塑家的核心是露西（Lucy），这是与整形外科医生合作的第一个大型形状面部脸部数据集。我们的Lucy数据集以最古老的人类祖先之一的化石命名，其中包含正牙手术前后全人头的高质量计算机断层扫描（CT）扫描，这对于评估手术结果至关重要。露西（Lucy）由144次扫描，分别对72名受试者（31名男性和41名女性）组成，其中每个受试者进行了两次CT扫描，并在恐惧后手术中进行了两次CT扫描。根据我们的Lucy数据集，我们学习了一个新颖的骨骼一致的参数面部发电机雕塑家，它可以创建独特而细微的面部特征，以帮助定义角色，同时保持生理声音。我们的雕塑家通过将3D脸的描绘成形状混合形状，姿势混合形状和面部表达混合形状，共同在统一数据驱动的框架下共同建模头骨，面部几何形状和面部外观。与现有方法相比，雕塑家在面部生成任务中保留了解剖学正确性和视觉现实主义。最后，我们展示了雕塑家在以前看不见的各种花式应用中的鲁棒性和有效性。

生产级别的工作流程用于产生令人信服的3D动态人体面孔长期以来依赖各种劳动密集型工具用于几何和纹理生成，运动捕获和索具以及表达合成。最近的神经方法可以使单个组件自动化，但是相应的潜在表示不能像常规工具一样为艺术家提供明确的控制。在本文中，我们提出了一种新的基于学习的，视频驱动的方法，用于生成具有高质量基于物理资产的动态面部几何形状。对于数据收集，我们构建了一个混合多视频测量捕获阶段，与超快速摄像机耦合以获得原始的3D面部资产。然后，我们着手使用单独的VAE对面部表达，几何形状和基于物理的纹理进行建模，我们在各个网络的潜在范围内强加了基于全局MLP的表达映射，以保留各个属性的特征。我们还将增量信息建模为基于物理的纹理的皱纹图，从而达到高质量的4K动态纹理。我们展示了我们在高保真表演者特异性面部捕获和跨认同面部运动重新定位中的方法。此外，我们的基于多VAE的神经资产以及快速适应方案也可以部署以处理内部视频。此外，我们通过提供具有较高现实主义的各种有希望的基于身体的编辑结果来激发我们明确的面部解散策略的实用性。综合实验表明，与以前的视频驱动的面部重建和动画方法相比，我们的技术提供了更高的准确性和视觉保真度。

已知深神经网络（DNN）容易受到对抗性攻击的影响，即对输入的不可察觉的扰动可以误导DNN在清洁图像上培训，以制造错误的预测。为了解决这一目标，对抗性训练是目前最有效的防御方法，通过增强速度设定的训练，在飞行中产生的对抗样本。有趣的是，我们首次发现，在随机初始化的网络中，在没有任何模型训练的随机初始化网络中，第一次发现具有天生稳健性，匹配或超越对抗训练网络的强大准确性的鲁棒准确性，表明对模型权重的对抗训练不是对抗性鲁棒性不可或缺。我们命名为强大的临时票故障票（RST），也是自然效率的那种。不同于流行的彩票假设，既不需要培训原始密集的网络也不需要训练。为了验证和理解这种迷人的发现，我们进一步开展了广泛的实验，以研究不同模型，数据集，稀疏模式和攻击下RST的存在性和性质，绘制关于DNNS鲁棒性与其初始化/过度分辨率之间的关系的洞察。此外，我们确定从同一随机初始化的密集网络绘制的不同稀疏比率的RST之间的差的对抗性转移性，并提出了一种随机切换不同RST之间的随机切换的随机性，作为基于顶部的新型防御方法第一次。我们相信我们对RST的调查结果已经开辟了一个新的视角，以研究模型稳健性并扩大彩票假设。

对不确定度和鲁棒性的高质量估计对于众多现实世界的应用来说至关重要，特别是对于深入学习，这是利用许多部署的ML系统。因此，比较改善这些估计的技术的能力对于研究和实践相似非常重要。然而，由于一系列原因，通常缺乏方法的竞争比较，包括：计算广泛调整的可用性，加入足够多的基线，以及用于再现性的具体文件。在本文中，我们介绍了不确定性的基线：在各种任务中的标准和最先进的深度学习方法的高质量实现。从本撰写中，集合跨越9项方法，每个方法都有至少5个度量。每个基线都是一个独立的实验管道，易于可重复使用和可伸缩的部件。我们的目标是提供具有新方法或应用的实验的即时出发点。此外，我们还提供模型检查点，实验输出为Python笔记本，以及用于比较结果的排行榜。代码在https://github.com/google/uncertainty-baselines。

Masked image modeling (MIM) performs strongly in pre-training large vision Transformers (ViTs). However, small models that are critical for real-world applications cannot or only marginally benefit from this pre-training approach. In this paper, we explore distillation techniques to transfer the success of large MIM-based pre-trained models to smaller ones. We systematically study different options in the distillation framework, including distilling targets, losses, input, network regularization, sequential distillation, etc, revealing that: 1) Distilling token relations is more effective than CLS token- and feature-based distillation; 2) An intermediate layer of the teacher network as target perform better than that using the last layer when the depth of the student mismatches that of the teacher; 3) Weak regularization is preferred; etc. With these findings, we achieve significant fine-tuning accuracy improvements over the scratch MIM pre-training on ImageNet-1K classification, using all the ViT-Tiny, ViT-Small, and ViT-base models, with +4.2%/+2.4%/+1.4% gains, respectively. Our TinyMIM model of base size achieves 52.2 mIoU in AE20K semantic segmentation, which is +4.1 higher than the MAE baseline. Our TinyMIM model of tiny size achieves 79.6% top-1 accuracy on ImageNet-1K image classification, which sets a new record for small vision models of the same size and computation budget. This strong performance suggests an alternative way for developing small vision Transformer models, that is, by exploring better training methods rather than introducing inductive biases into architectures as in most previous works. Code is available at https://github.com/OliverRensu/TinyMIM.

In this paper, we propose a robust 3D detector, named Cross Modal Transformer (CMT), for end-to-end 3D multi-modal detection. Without explicit view transformation, CMT takes the image and point clouds tokens as inputs and directly outputs accurate 3D bounding boxes. The spatial alignment of multi-modal tokens is performed implicitly, by encoding the 3D points into multi-modal features. The core design of CMT is quite simple while its performance is impressive. CMT obtains 73.0% NDS on nuScenes benchmark. Moreover, CMT has a strong robustness even if the LiDAR is missing. Code will be released at https://github.com/junjie18/CMT.

Dataset distillation has emerged as a prominent technique to improve data efficiency when training machine learning models. It encapsulates the knowledge from a large dataset into a smaller synthetic dataset. A model trained on this smaller distilled dataset can attain comparable performance to a model trained on the original training dataset. However, the existing dataset distillation techniques mainly aim at achieving the best trade-off between resource usage efficiency and model utility. The security risks stemming from them have not been explored. This study performs the first backdoor attack against the models trained on the data distilled by dataset distillation models in the image domain. Concretely, we inject triggers into the synthetic data during the distillation procedure rather than during the model training stage, where all previous attacks are performed. We propose two types of backdoor attacks, namely NAIVEATTACK and DOORPING. NAIVEATTACK simply adds triggers to the raw data at the initial distillation phase, while DOORPING iteratively updates the triggers during the entire distillation procedure. We conduct extensive evaluations on multiple datasets, architectures, and dataset distillation techniques. Empirical evaluation shows that NAIVEATTACK achieves decent attack success rate (ASR) scores in some cases, while DOORPING reaches higher ASR scores (close to 1.0) in all cases. Furthermore, we conduct a comprehensive ablation study to analyze the factors that may affect the attack performance. Finally, we evaluate multiple defense mechanisms against our backdoor attacks and show that our attacks can practically circumvent these defense mechanisms.

Blind image quality assessment (BIQA) remains challenging due to the diversity of distortion and image content variation, which complicate the distortion patterns crossing different scales and aggravate the difficulty of the regression problem for BIQA. However, existing BIQA methods often fail to consider multi-scale distortion patterns and image content, and little research has been done on learning strategies to make the regression model produce better performance. In this paper, we propose a simple yet effective Progressive Multi-Task Image Quality Assessment (PMT-IQA) model, which contains a multi-scale feature extraction module (MS) and a progressive multi-task learning module (PMT), to help the model learn complex distortion patterns and better optimize the regression issue to align with the law of human learning process from easy to hard. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed PMT-IQA model, we conduct experiments on four widely used public datasets, and the experimental results indicate that the performance of PMT-IQA is superior to the comparison approaches, and both MS and PMT modules improve the model's performance.

Automatic music generation with artificial intelligence typically requires a large amount of data which is hard to obtain for many less common genres and musical instruments. To tackle this issue, we present ongoing work and preliminary findings on the possibility for deep models to transfer knowledge from language to music, by finetuning large language models pre-trained on a massive text corpus on only hundreds of MIDI files of drum performances. We show that by doing so, one of the largest, state-of-the-art models (GPT3) is capable of generating reasonable drum grooves, while models that are not pre-trained (Transformer) shows no such ability beyond naive repetition. Evaluating generated music is a challenging task, more so is evaluating drum grooves with little precedence in literature. Hence, we propose a tailored structural evaluation method and analyze drum grooves produced by GPT3 compared to those played by human professionals, exposing the strengths and weaknesses of such generation by language-to-music transfer. Our findings suggest that language-to-music transfer learning with large language models is viable and promising.